Occurrence and use of an estuarine habitat by giant manta ray Manta birostris
This study highlights the seasonal use of the Paranaguá estuarine complex in south Brazil by the giant manta ray (Manta birostris), suggesting it serves as a nursery ground during the summer. Understanding habitat requirements is crucial for effective conservation, especially for species with wide distributions and migratory behaviors. Manta rays are the largest batoid fish, with recent taxonomic division into two species: Manta alfredi and Manta birostris. Both species are vulnerable to extinction and are protected under international agreements. While M. alfredi is typically found near coral reefs and rocky shores in large groups, M. birostris is more solitary and migratory, often found offshore. Despite occasional sightings in estuaries, such occurrences are considered accidental. However, in southern Brazil, offshore aggregations of M. birostris have been reported, along with observations in coastal and estuarine areas, particularly in the Paranaguá estuarine complex. This complex, designated as a world heritage area, serves as an interconnected subtropical estuarine system and potentially important habitat for the species during certain times of the year. Understanding the environmental parameters of this area, such as salinity, temperature, and tidal regime, provides further insights into the habitat preferences of these majestic creatures.
